The breed is known for being calmer and less quarrelsome than many terriers. It is usually affectionate and gentle with its family and reserved with strangers. It makes an alert watchdog and keeps the curiosity and persistence of a working terrier.
The dog is long and low, with drop ears, a strong head and a tail carried low at rest. Its fine, silky, slightly wavy coat comes in shades of grey-blue or, less often, light coffee, often with lighter markings on the head, beard, legs and underside. Puppies are born black or brown and lighten as they grow. When the coat is clipped, a beard, eyebrows and longer hair on the legs and underside are left in place.
The Cesky Terrier, also known as the Bohemian Terrier, came out of Czech geneticist František Horák's wish for a hunting terrier suited to the forests of Bohemia. He crossed the Scottish and Sealyham Terriers, seeking a dog with a narrower chest than the Scottish Terrier, so that it could follow quarry underground, and a lighter build. He also wanted it calm enough to hunt in packs. In the nineteen-eighties a further Sealyham cross was made to strengthen the breed, which has since spread to Britain and North America.