In temperament the breed is affectionate with its household, keen and attentive. It keeps the working nose of a truffle dog and a strong urge to dig, and it is alert enough to announce visitors.
Bred first to retrieve waterfowl and later to find truffles by scent, the Lagotto is a sturdy, compact dog, roughly square in outline, with a broad head, large round eyes and triangular drop ears. Its defining feature is the coat: dense, woolly and water-resistant, lying in tight ringlets over most of the body. Colours include off-white, white with brown or orange patches, brown roan, solid brown and orange. The coat is trimmed to follow the dog's natural shape rather than sculpted.
The Lagotto Romagnolo takes its name from the dialect of Romagna, in which 'lagòt' is usually explained as meaning a dog of the water. Truffle hunting became its main work from the nineteenth century; in the twentieth it was often crossed with other dogs, and by the nineteen-seventies the original type had become scarce. Italian enthusiasts then set out to rebuild the breed from the dogs that remained. A national breed club followed in the late nineteen-eighties, and international recognition came in stages after that.